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environment. Where the geochemistry of the geothermal water is suitable, the geothermal

fluid can be used directly for geothermal aquaculture.

Distribution of the Geothermal Energy Use

by Sectors

6%
7%
Site Heating Applications
38% Pool Heating
12%
Heat Pump Applications
Green House Heating
14% Aquaculture Applications

Industrial Heating Processes
23%

Diagram 1. Distribution of the Geothermal Energy Use by Sectors

Only 6% of the total geothermal potential has been utilized. In case of financial support, it is

aimed to increase the installed power of 99 MW by 300 MW and the installed heat capacity of
2084 MW by 4,000 MW for 2015.

There are approximately 1500 hot and mineral water resources in Turkey, with temperatures

ranging from 20-242 ˚C, and 195 geothermal fields that can be used on an economic scale.
800 geothermal exploration and production drillings and 200 gradient drillings have been

carried out, and Turkey's geothermal heat capacity has been calculated as approximately

31500 MW. One of the important fields related to the direct use of geothermal energy is the
aquaculture applications. With this application, many fish and other aquatic creatures living in

seas and lakes can be raised more quickly and economically.

Fisheries production of our country is 594 thousand tons and 67 thousand tons of this

production is obtained from aquaculture, 60% of the export is made from aquaculture.

Aquatic creatures commonly produced in aquaculture applications are carp, sea bass, mullet,
salmon, catfish, eel, tilapia. It has been determined that more fish can be produced in a shorter

period of time in geothermal energy aquaculture applications compared to normal aquaculture

applications. Studies show that if the water temperature drops below the optimum temperature
level, the metabolism of fish is affected and they lose their ability to eat to a large extent in

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